(Washington, DC) -The House Committee on Science and Technology held a hearing to examine the health of the U.S. aerospace workforce and industrial base and to determine how upcoming decisions on NASA's direction and funding would affect them, including decisions on human spaceflight plans. The aerospace workforce and the industrial base are vital to the success of the space enterprise. As the nation looks forward, it will continue to depend on these talents and capabilities to support America's goals and objectives for its space activities.

"This workforce is a lot like humpty dumpty-if it is taken apart, it won't be easy to put back together," said Chairman Bart Gordon (D-TN). "They have the unique skills and the institutional knowledge crucial to the success of our aerospace industry and, therefore, to our overall national competitiveness."

"Aerospace jobs are high-paying, high-skilled jobs-jobs that will enable us to compete-and lead-in the 21st century, not just in space but back here on Earth too," said Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics Chairwoman Gabrielle Giffords (D-AZ).

The aerospace workforce includes NASA civil servants and its contractor space workforce; the broader aerospace workforce that support space, aviation, and defense programs; as well as a chain of suppliers, businesses and service organizations that also support the aerospace sector.

According to a series of advisory reports, the U.S. aerospace workforce and space industrial base face growing challenges including: the aging of the aerospace workforce, the stability of space-related programs, the skills required for major programs, and the status of the pipeline for future workers. These concerns are particularly relevant during a period in which NASA is moving toward a planned retirement of the Space Shuttle, is developing the next human spaceflight system, will be relying on non-U.S. means of access to space during for a period of at least 5 years, and is preparing for key decisions about the space program and NASA's plans for human spaceflight.

To address the aging workforce situation, NASA and the aerospace industry have taken steps to encourage and create opportunities for students to pursue education and then careers in STEM fields and to gain experience on space projects, but even with these ongoing efforts, NASA and the industry face challenges in building the pipeline to replace retiring workers, including the need to adequately fund and sustain projects that can employ younger workers and provide the means for them to learn from the more experienced workers before those workers retire. Witnesses consider that need particularly important in the area of human spaceflight.

Another concern raised during the hearing was the impact of the transition from NASA's Space Shuttle program to the Constellation Program. There are workforce transition programs in place but questions still exist over what impact the gap between the retirement of the Space Shuttle and the time when the Constellation Program is fully operational will have on the workforce and knowledge base. Witnesses made the point that keeping work going on the follow-on program during the gap will be critically important from the standpoint of both preserving key workforce skills and maintaining the necessary industrial base.

"The United States would not have achieved its leadership position in space without the dedication, expertise and skills resident in the aerospace workforce and industrial infrastructure that supports the nation's space program," said Gordon. "We will need to maintain that high-quality workforce to maintain our competitiveness."

"The decisions we collectively make about the future of our space program will have a lasting impact on our workforce, our industrial base, and our standing in the world," Giffords said. "I worry that if we make the wrong decisions and waver in our commitment, we will not be keeping faith with that generation of young people we are seeking to inspire. I believe that we need to keep a long-term perspective front and center when we look at the potential impact on the workforce and the space industrial base of pending decisions on NASA's future "

This hearing is the latest in a series that the Committee and the Space and Aeronautics Subcommittee have convened on the critical factors that will need to be considered when making decisions on the future direction and funding for NASA.

Also during the hearing, the Full Committee approved the subcommittee assignments of Rep. John Garamendi (D-CA). The House appointed him to the Science and Technology Committee on November 19, 2009 with H. Res 921. Yesterday, the Committee assigned him to the Technology and Innovation and Energy and Environment subcommittees.

"John Garamendi comes to us with more than 34 years of public service," said Gordon. "He was elected to the California State Assembly in 1974, and to the State Senate in 1976 where he attained the position of Senate Majority Leader. He chaired the Joint Committee on Science and Technology where he helped develop an overall State agenda for economic competitiveness and scientific advancement. He also served as U.S. Deputy Secretary of the Interior for the Clinton Administration and, most recently, as the Lieutenant Governor of California."

"As the representative of some of the nation's leading cutting edge research facilities, it is an honor to sit on the Science and Technology Committee, working with my colleagues to spawn the innovations that will get Americans back to work," said Garamendi. "We can create millions of green jobs, weatherizing buildings, installing solar panels, and constructing wind turbines. As I begin my service on the Energy and Environment and Technology and Innovation subcommittees, I know the stakes are high. We must develop the clean technologies that will enable strong economic growth without devastating environmental destruction, because if we don't, we either sacrifice our prosperity or our planet and likely both."

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Support America's Human Space Flight Program
Urge President Obama to Fulfill Augustine Committee's Recommendation to Increase Funding for NASA
Current Cosigners
C. Brown (FL), Capps (CA), Fudge (OH), Grayson (FL), G. Green (TX), Griffith (AL), A. Hastings (FL), Honda (CA), Jackson-Lee (TX), Klein (FL), Kosmas (FL), Kratovil (MD), B. Markey (CO), Meek (FL), Napolitano (CA), Nye (VA), Perlmutter (CO), Schiff (CA), Van Hollen (VA), Wasserman Schultz (FL), and Wexler (FL)
Barton (TX), R. Bishop (UT), K. Brady (TX), Calvert (CA), Cao (LA), Carter (TX), Chaffetz (UT), Culberson (TX), R. Forbes (VA), R. Hall (TX), Jenkins (KS), Lundgren (CA), McCaul (TX), McKeon (CA), C. Miller (MI), Olson (TX), Posey (FL), Rooney (FL), L. Smith (TX)

Dear Colleague,

With the recent release of the Final Report by the Review of U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee (Augustine Committee), we invite you to join us in sending a letter to President Obama urging him to make the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) a national priority and work with the Congress to provide the funding necessary to ensure a robust human space flight program (the Summary and Final Augustine Committee reports can be found at www.nasa.gov/offices/hsf/home/index.html).

The Augustine Committee's findings that our nation cannot conduct meaningful human exploration beyond low-Earth-orbit under current budget guidelines should serve as a wake up call. For too long, NASA has been given funds that do not match its mission. This insufficient funding has delayed the development of NASA's next generation spacecraft, leading to an extended gap in domestic access to space.

To enable a human space exploration program that our nation can truly be proud of, the Augustine Committee recommends an increase of at least $3 billion annually over the FY10 budget profile. Although this level would not fully restore the funding originally budgeted for NASA's next generation human space flight program, it will allow for meaningful exploration and ensure we maximize the return on our investment.

NASA's human space flight program and the impending gap impacts nearly every state, with contractors and suppliers large and small spread out across the nation. To find out NASA's impact on your state and district, please visit http://prod.nais.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/npdv/map.cgi.

We must ensure the President works with Congress to take this unique and fleeting opportunity to show a true commitment to NASA in order to sustain our global leadership in science and technology, address national challenges, and inspire our youth to pursue math and science.

We face many critical decisions in the coming months that will affect America's human space flight program for decades to come and hope you will join us in urging the President to take action in a timely manner. Deadline to co-sign is Noon on Tuesday, November 17th. Please contact Carrie Chess with Congresswoman Kosmas at carrie.chess@mail.house.gov or 5-2706 or Deena Contreras with Congressman Calvert at deena.contreras@mail.house.gov or 5-1986 to sign on or if you have questions.

Sincerely,

Rep. Suzanne Kosmas (D-FL) Rep. Ken Calvert (R-CA)
November X, 2009

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President Barack Obama
The White House
1600 Pennsylvania Avenue
Washington, D.C. 20500

Dear President Obama:

As Members of Congress who greatly value the contributions of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to our nation, we appreciate the hard work of the U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee. With its final report available now, we look forward to renewed communications between the Administration and Congress about America's human space flight program. We write in strong support of receiving a Fiscal Year 2011 budget request which truly supports this core element of NASA's mission.

While evaluating options for future of human space exploration, the Augustine Committee concluded that regardless of the direction or the details of the program, an increased level of long-term, sustainable funding must be a major component. The Review Committee's finding that, "Human exploration beyond low-Earth orbit is not viable under the FY 2010 budget guideline" demonstrates that NASA's underfunded budgets over the past several years have slowed the pace of exploration, depleted resources, and frustrated the development of new space systems. We believe an increased level of funding is essential to ensure NASA has the resources needed to meet the mission challenges of human space flight.

Currently, NASA is funding the development of the next generation human space flight systems with partners that bring decades of experience in developing and operating complex space systems while also encouraging new entrants to the space flight industry. The $3 billion annual increase recommended by the Committee would not fully restore the funding originally budgeted for the next generation programs. However, the increase would make a considerable difference in our ability to have a space exploration program to ensure that our nation maintains its global leadership position. A significant investment must be made given NASA's contributions to America's economic and national security.

The International Space Station (ISS) should remain operational as long as it can be productive without being constrained by an arbitrary, budget-driven termination date. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration Authorization Act of 2008 designated the ISS as a U.S. National Laboratory to conduct research for other Federal agencies and the commercial sector. Extending the ISS, at least through 2020, is necessary in order to maintain and improve important international partnerships, maximize the return on our nation's investment, and spur discoveries that will enable exploration of our universe and improve life here on Earth.

As you may know, NASA is supported by tens of thousands of highly skilled and experienced men and women who make up the civil servant and contractor workforce. These space professionals are a critical national resource and contribute to a vital industrial base that supports civil, military, and commercial space. If we allow a gap in human space flight our nation will have lost valuable skills that will be costly and difficult to replace. In addition, we also will have given up on our hard-won space preeminence over other nations, including Russia and China, who will surely step in to fill the void.

We wish to impress upon you the significant and fleeting opportunity we have to ensure that our nation continues its preeminence in human space flight. Instituting a cohesive and comprehensive plan with clear direction for NASA's future policies depends on leadership and the commitment to follow through with adequate funding. This can only be accomplished if it is established as a national priority through Presidential leadership.

We know that you share with us the enthusiasm that is generated by a bold human space flight program. We look forward to receiving your Administration's proposal and working with you to ensure a robust, cutting edge and inspirational human space flight program worthy of our great nation.

Sincerely,

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NASA's Constellation program is struggling to overcome funding shortages as well as technical problems to develop the Orion crew capsule and the Ares 1 rocket for the future launchings of astronauts to the International Space Station and the moon, Congressional auditors reported Friday.

The Government Accountability Office found that funding shortfalls, which emerged this year and that are expected to continue though 2012, have forced NASA managers to push ahead with development before adequately addressing key technical issues.

The obstacles include predicted Ares 1 first stage vibrations, fabrication of the second stage rocket nozzle, techniques for applying heat shielding, and escape system steering as well as the overall weight of the Orion capsule.

The 27-page report echoes recent conclusions of the U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee, which panel chairman Norm Augustine outlined to House and Senate oversight committees last week. Augustine's testimony, as well as a Sept. 8 summary of the panel's findings, concluded that NASA is at least two years behind in its goal of achieving the first Ares 1 and Orion launch with astronauts aboard by March 2015. The committee also concluded a national goal of reaching the moon with American astronauts by 2020 is unsustainable.

The space agency plans to spend $97 billion on Constellation programs through the end of the next decade. The amount NASA plans to invest in Orion and the Ares 1 is half the total. Nearly $8 billion has been spent on Orion and Ares 1 so far.

Augustine told lawmakers NASA needs $3 billion in additional annual funding if the agency is to successfully tackle missions to the moon and deeper into the solar system.

"We did review the program, its management," said Augustine. "We believe it to be soundly managed. We believe the existing program, given adequate funds, is executable and would carry out its objectives."

Nonetheless, the GAO recommended that NASA develop "a sound business case" for Constellation, or a successor program, before proceeding beyond the preliminary design phase. The recommendations, which NASA agreed to accept, will require the agency to demonstrate the soundness of the highest technology components as well as improve the accuracy of its cost estimates and scheduling.

The auditors noted NASA's previous efforts to develop a replacement for the space shuttle, including the Space Launch Initiative, the X-33, the X-34 and the National Aerospace Plane fell victim to the same lapses.

"NASA concurs wth the GAO recommendation that the Constellation Program develop a sound business case -- supported by firm requirements, mature technologies, a preliminary design, a realistic cost estimate, and sufficient funding and time -- before proceeding to implementation," Lori Garver, NASA's deputy administrator wrote in response to the GAO's report.

The Augustine Committee, which was appointed by the Obama Administration in May to re-assess the Constellation Program and develop new options, is expected to submit its formal report to the White House late this month. President Obama has not indicated how soon he will address NASA's future exploration plans.

The five broad options outlined by the Augustine panel include provisions to cancel Ares 1; to turn to the Atlas V or the Delta IV as alternatives to the Ares 1; or to contract with commercial rocket companies for the launching of astronauts on missions to the space station.

Some of the options preserve the Constellation hardware and push back the dates for reaching the moon with astronauts. One option would send explorers on flyby missions to the moon, asteroids and Mars while delaying a lunar landing.

The GAO report was prepared at the request of the House Science and Technology Committee.

"GAO's report provides a sobering indication of the negative impact that funding shortfalls can have on complex and technically difficult space flight programs like Constellation, no matter how dedicated and skillful the program's workforce is," Bart Gordon, D-Tenn., the committee's chairman, said Friday.

Today, the White House released the executive summary of the report of the Review of U.S. Human Spaceflight Plans Committee, chaired by Norman Augustine. The Augustine panel was charged with examining options for NASA's human spaceflight program and will report on their findings to the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, John Holdren. The full report is expected to be released later this month.

 Committee on Science and Technology Chairman Bart Gordon (D-TN) offered the following statement:

 "I look forward to reviewing the Augustine panel's report. In addition, the Science and Technology Committee is planning a hearing next Tuesday, September 15th, with Mr. Augustine and NASA Administrator Charles Bolden to examine the panel's findings and to better understand the Administration's next steps.

With the NASA authorization that was signed into law last year (PL 110-422), Congress is on record in support of a strong human and robotic exploration program at NASA as part of a robust and balanced set of NASA initiatives in human spaceflight, science, and aeronautics. I want to work with the Administration to ensure that our nation can sustain a vital exploration program. The Committee will be working on a new multi-year authorization this fall, and I hope that this report will provide constructive input to that effort. As has already been recognized by the Augustine panel, NASA has not been given resources matched to the tasks it has been asked to undertake. That has to change."

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July 29, 2009
Mr. Norman R. Augustine
Chairman
U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee
NASA Headquarters
300 E Street, SW
Washington, DC 20546

Dear Mr. Chairman and members of the U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee,

I want to thank you for visiting Huntsville and Decatur and for providing the opportunity for those directly involved with space, as well as the general public, to interact with the Committee. The objectives that you are undertaking are both a challenge and an opportunity. You have a huge challenge before you and a critical responsibility in determining the options and direction of our nation's human space flight program. I appreciate your willingness to devote the time necessary to conduct this review.

North Alabama, and specifically the Marshall Space Flight Center, has been at the forefront of human space flight since the beginning of our nation's space program. Today we meet in the shadow of the great achievements the people at NASA have accomplished. I hope that the enthusiasm that surrounds this area, with its ties to human space flight, has been evident to the Committee.

We have just celebrated the 40th anniversary of humans landing on the Moon for the first time. It has been a time to reflect on what our nation is capable of when leadership, motivation, and perseverance come together for a goal that is defined and supported. Now we must move on and
move forward, and this Committee will provide options that will define the direction manned space flight will take in space for decades to come.

There is a robust space economy in Alabama and across this country, with companies that can do everything from building rockets that will go to the far reaches of the universe, to developing nanoparticles for stronger materials that withstand the rigors of space. No matter what has been
needed, American ingenuity, combined with the capability and direction from NASA, has brought an understanding of the universe that only a few generations ago would have thought impossible to know. This would never have happened without NASA leading the way.

NASA's manned space program, its astronauts, and its accomplishments, are the inspiration that leads future generations to become our innovators, engineers, and scientists. The impact of human space flight reaches far beyond aerospace activities. It attracts people to scientific careers and the development of technologies that improve our lives in many ways.

The inspiration provided by the human space flight program launched an entire generation that, while aspiring to be like the astronauts that would go to space, would become the scientists and engineers that make our country the leader in science, technology, and innovation it is today. For
us to maintain such leadership, the children of today need those same opportunities, dreams, and excitement to maintain our country's place as a leader in aerospace, as well as in other scientific disciplines like physics, biology, and chemistry.

I support manned space flight and see that it is as relevant today as it was over 40 years ago. The benefits to our nation go far beyond NASA, yet without clear direction and purpose, NASA will achieve less as it fights internal battles over what direction it should take.

As the Ranking Member of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Activities and as a Senator from the state that is home to the NASA center that focuses on delivering humans to space, the funding and direction of the nation's space program is of great importance to me. History shows that when the nation has provided the necessary resources and called upon the people of Alabama to deliver humans to space, they have delivered.

I wish to thank you, and the rest of the members of the Committee, for their commitment to human space flight, and to our nation.

Sincerely,

Richard Shelby

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Testimony of U.S. Senator Mel Martinez
NASA Augustine Commission
July 30, 2009

Few endeavors have captured our imagination as much as human space flight. The urge to explore is uniquely human and the desire to push the limits of human space exploration is uniquely American. Just last week, we celebrated the 40th Anniversary of Apollo's successful mission to the moon - a milestone for our space program.

As former Administrator Michael Griffin wrote on the Anniversary, it is strange to celebrate a scientific and technological accomplishment we are no longer capable of replicating. Less than 70 years separated the Wright brothers' first flight and our nation's lunar landing, yet somehow in the decades since we have failed to move forward.

The United States has been a world leader in aeronautics and spaceflight for generations, and we are just now completing work on the International Space Station - an endeavor requiring complex international coordination, consuming tremendous time and resources. This lab is now prepared to assist us in our efforts to continue the exploration of space, and it should be used that way. The ISS was not supposed to be an end in itself, it is supposed to help leverage and advance our scientific knowledge to assist further space exploration.

The mission of the International Space Station needs to be extended beyond its current termination date of 2015. But its extension should not be used as justification to limit investments in exploration activities beyond lower earth orbit. As soon as possible, the ISS' supply and manning requirements should be turned over to the commercial sector. Such a move would strengthen the commercial launch industry in the United States and provide additional room for growth for the companies invested in this area of our economy.

Our nation's space program is at a crossroads. As you consider options for the future of American manned spaceflight and the various architectures available, I believe it is important to remember how we arrived here. For too long, NASA has lacked focus and Congress has provided unstable and inadequate funding for the Administration. No recommendations from this commission will be successful if these two issues are not effectively addressed.

There are a number of important decisions that this commission, the new NASA Administrator, and the Obama Administration must make soon that directly impact America's status as a global space leader. These questions include: should we continue flying the shuttle? Should we continue moving forward with the Constellation Systems Program? Should we continue with the same launch architectures, or consider starting over? Should we return to the Moon? Or should we send a manned vehicle to Mars? All of these decisions have consequences, and it is incumbent upon the Obama administration to weigh the options and make the appropriate choices.

As a Senator from Florida, I feel a special pride in the work that is done at the Kennedy Space Center, and I strongly support increasing any opportunities for human space flight. The following are my recommendations for the Commission as you continue your study.

Just as the Obama Administration has suggested, the remaining Space Shuttle flights should be completed without setting hard time limits to avoid mistakes that could result from pressure to launch. At the same time, I do not believe that the Shuttle program should be extended beyond the current manifest. While such an extension could help to limit job losses in the short term, I am concerned it could further delay progress on development of our next heavy lift launch vehicle. Further delay of our next heavy lift launch vehicle could have a devastating long-term impact on the Space Coast and our nation's space program. Instead, I believe that it is in our best interest to expedite the development of our next manned heavy launch vehicle to mitigate these job losses and retain as many of these talented workers as possible.

With regard to the decision on the proper launch vehicle architecture, I am not an aerospace engineer, so I will leave the physics and engineering debates to those more qualified. On the other hand, as a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, I have seen first-hand the costs and delays of major weapons systems brought on by constantly shifting requirements. The Constellation Systems Program was studied and chosen after careful review. While no Administration should have its decisions dictated to it by its predecessor, I believe that changing requirements and moving to a different architecture at this point would increase costs and likely delay the successful launch of our next heavy lift launch vehicle.

In terms of where we explore, I support the current mission of returning to the moon, a manned mission to Mars, and the exploration of other near-earth objects. This vision of exploration has been endorsed by Congress twice, once by a Republican-controlled Congress, and again three years later by a Democrat-controlled Congress. While this vision of space exploration clearly has the endorsement of the Congress, it has not received the necessary funding from the Appropriations Committees. Nor has it received adequate funding in the budgets produced by the Bush Administration or the Obama Administration. If we collectively support this vision, there is no excuse why we can't fund it.

Finally, with regard to NASA's current mission and allocation of resources, I believe that space exploration and the research and development of new aeronautics technologies needs to be given greater commitments within the NASA budget. Each year, NASA is funding tremendous amounts of earth science and life science research. While these endeavors have merit, we are now facing a five year gap in U.S. human spaceflight, and we risk losing our place as a world leader in space. NASA's resource allocation has failed to ensure our position in space, and there needs to be a serious reconsideration of current budget allocation within the Administration.

Our country has a proud tradition in space exploration, and I applaud the work of all the men and women who have dedicated their lives to NASA's mission. It is my hope that this commission will recommend a stronger commitment to human space exploration, and I hope President Obama and other members of Congress will heed the commission's advice.

The state of Florida strongly supports NASA and we all stand ready to support NASA's leadership into the future. I thank you for the opportunity to offer my testimony before this important Commission.

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Sen. Hutchison: Closing Gap in Human Space Flight, Utilizing ISS are our Challenge and Responsibility
Houston Meeting of Augustine Commission Hears Hutchison's Charge for NASA's Future

WASHINGTON, DC - Today, at a Houston meeting of the Augustine Commission, a panel charged with reviewing the future prospects for manned spaceflight, a statement by Sen. Hutchison was read, outlining her vision for NASA.

The following statement was submitted by Sen. Hutchison and read by Panel Chairman Norm Augustine:

"Chairman, and members of the Human Space Flight Review Panel, I want to thank you for the opportunity to provide a statement in this hearing to underscore the importance of NASA to Texas and the need for minimizing the space gap. You have a huge challenge and a critical responsibility, and I appreciate your willingness to hold a hearing in Texas.

"The possible five-year gap in manned U.S. space launches between the planned retirement of the space shuttle program next year and the earliest possible inauguration of the new Ares rocket and Orion crew capsule in 2015 could have potentially devastating effects on Texas. NASA has long been a central component of my state's growing tech industry. The Johnson Space Center (JSC) in Houston is the premiere NASA center for the International Space Station (ISS) and human space flight, scientific and medical research efforts. The JSC directly employs over 3,400 civil servants and more than 13,000 contract employees. In total, the JSC supports the Houston area by generating an economic impact of over $4 billion and 35,000 jobs. The potential loss of this workforce's skills during the transition has long-term implications for Texas and its continued support of space flight programs. This was outlined clearly in the "Rising Above the Gathering Storm" report to Congress.

"The 2005 and 2008 NASA Authorization Acts reflect broad, bi-partisan, bicameral support for the U.S. human spaceflight programs. More specifically,
both bills express support for the goal of returning to the Moon to conduct the kind of sustained human exploration that was not possible in the Apollo program. "They express support for completing the International Space Station and making the maximum possible use of its laboratory facilities for microgravity research across a broad range of science disciplines. The 2005 Act designated the space station as a National Laboratory, and began its evolution to a facility that can not only meet NASA's research needs, but those of other government agencies, educational consortia, and private research and development concerns as well. In Fiscal Year 2008, NASA worked with 63 universities and educational centers in Texas to provide grants, contracts and commitments valued at approximately $51 million.

"Beyond the looming space gap, one of the questions the panel has been charged with addressing is the question of continuing space station operations beyond 2015. I want to be very sure that the panel understands that the Congress has expressed itself clearly in the reauthorization law passed last year, that it considers full and extended utilization of the space station to be a critical necessity. In the 2008 Act, the Congress directed NASA to take no action that would preclude operations of the space station beyond 2015 for at least five years-to 2020.

"We then required NASA to provide a report to the Congress, due July 15th, 2009-two weeks ago-outlining the specific plans and requirements needed to support operations, maintenance and full utilization of the ISS as a National Laboratory through at least 2020. I am advised that the required report has been completed and the final draft has been under review at NASA Headquarters for the past two weeks. It then must be reviewed by the Office and Management and Budget, and my office has been assured that OMB has agreed to expedite their review. I underscore the pending availability of this report today because it should contain-if it is responsive to the requirements of the law-the type of information this panel must have if it is to adequately address the issue of space station operations beyond 2015. My staff has advised NASA that the information comprising the content of this report should be provided to the panel, and I believe this could-and should-be done immediately, regardless of  hether the report has been finalized prior to formal presentation to the Congress. "Congress, in turn, needs the information in this report to help us craft a new NASA Authorization bill, which we have been working on the past several months. A portion of that bill will address the space station utilization issue by taking the evolution of the National Laboratory concept to the next steps of formal organizational development and providing the authority necessary for it to effectively operate. I will continue to press for the timely submission of the formal report, but bring it to the attention of the panel as something I believe they need access to now, if they have not already been provided all of the factual data used in preparing that report.

"Finally, I want to stress my belief that you must be able to consider any and all possible options and alternatives to ensure the continuation and future success of the US human spaceflight programs. I believe it is essential for your review to be unconstrained by any binding consideration, whether budgetary or programmatic. We in the Congress and, I believe, the Administration, must be given a clear picture of what is attainable and what resources would be required. We will then be in a position to make the judgments necessary to achieve the best possible and most affordable result for the American taxpayer.

"Again, I want to thank you for coming to the Great State of Texas and your commitment to this enormous task. I look forward to seeing the result  of your efforts. I commend you for joining with the Administration and my colleagues in the Congress to derive the best possible path forward to sustain an essential national asset and preserve our country's leadership in space.

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Statement of Senator David Vitter
Augustine Review Panel
Wednesday, June 17, 2009

Thank you for the opportunity to discuss not only recent congressional authorization activity that I believe should have a profound influence on the outcome of your study, but also to discuss the specific effects that the transition to our next generation of human spaceflight will have on my constituents in Louisiana who work at both Michoud Assembly Facility and the Stennis Space Center.

The future of our space flight program will be affected in many ways by the outcome of this study, and taking time out of your personal life to undertake such a huge responsibility is commendable.

I will begin my statement by discussing the NASA 2005 and 2008 Authorization Acts, both of which reflected a coming together of minds in House and Senate for the common goal of promoting human spaceflight and the necessity that the United States retain its leadership position in the international space community through action. Specifically, both bills express support for the goal of returning to the Moon, but this time to conduct sustained human exploration, which we did not do in the Apollo program. Both bills also express strong support for the completion of the International Space Station and the continued utilization of the station in order to maximize the substantial investment in both time and resources that the United States and specifically NASA have made. In support of this position, the 2005 Act designated the space station as a National Laboratory, and began its evolution to a facility that not only can meet NASA's research needs, but those of other government agencies, educational consortia, and private research and development concerns.

Both bills expressed the very real concerns of the Congress regarding the pending gap in US human spaceflight capability. As a side note I believe it is important to note that this gap is in no way mandated by technical, engineering, structural or systemic issues, but by a zero-sum budget plan that would require transferring the funds being spent on the shuttle to the efforts to develop its replacement vehicles, the Ares launch vehicles and the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. This is a voluntary gap being imposed on our space program, and will only begin when we voluntarily retire the space shuttle.

Adequate authorized funding levels were provided in both bills, that, if they had been requested and appropriated over the past four years, would most likely have made significant headway toward shortening the projected gap. Both bills displayed an understanding of the difficulties associated with transitioning to our next generation of human spaceflight, as well as the pitfalls and impacts that will affect our highly qualified and unique workforce that we have supporting human spaceflight in this country.

The potential loss of many of those skilled resources including civil servants, contractors and suppliers across the country, I believe is a significant part of the "Gathering Storm" that a previous study headed by your Chairman outlined so clearly. The long term implications of the loss of this skilled workforce will not only affect places in my part of the country, like Michoud Assembly Facility and Stennis Space Center, but across a wide range of the country's industrial capabilities.

We have lost hundreds of workers already at the Michoud Assembly Facility in Louisiana. More job cut announcements are expected later this summer, and I think we owe these dedicated and hard working individuals an answer on what the next generation of spaceflight is going to be for us so that they may make informed decisions about their future in their chosen professions. None of us want to see these workers leave this field. I fear we are going to face a very harsh reality in the near future when we are ready to begin production of the main aspects of the Constellation program and we find ourselves lacking the most important part of the process, the workforce. The simple fact is that NASA already has its chosen "Centers of Excellence", as well as other vital centers like Michoud, and the massive job losses that most of these centers are going to be subjected to will not leave a viable, highly skilled, workforce in those regions. It is unreasonable, and unfair of us to expect these workers to either stay in these areas when they don't have sufficient high-technology job prospects in the immediate vicinity. It is also irresponsible to expect these workers to be at our beck and call to return when we have gotten around to sufficiently funding the Exploration program to the extent that work can ramp back up at the NASA centers. These people are the lifeblood of NASA, and we owe them far more than hazy timelines, vague prospects for future employment, and non-existent job security at their current positions. I will be approaching the next NASA Authorization with these concerns foremost in my mind and I encourage this panel to approach their duties with the same concerns in mind.

I want to stress my sincere belief that any and all possible options and alternatives should be considered during this review. I think that this all inclusive philosophy toward considering options for the next generation of human spaceflight is the best way to ensure that the United States retains its position as the world leader in space exploration. The Federal Advisory Committee Act, under which this panel has been convened, requires an independent review, free of limitations or influence by the organizations whose programs you are asked to review. It is vital that your review be unconstrained by any bounding consideration, whether budgetary or programmatic. I believe I can speak for my fellows in both the House and the Senate when I say that the Administration must be given a clear picture of what is attainable and what resources would be required for all different options for continuation of human spaceflight. Only then will we be in a proper position to make the judgments that will result in the best possible solution for the American taxpayers, who have invested so much of their hard earned money in this country's commitment to space exploration.
I know that our staff has prepared a collection of the relevant language, supporting and related information from NASA, the General Accountability Office and the Congressional Budget Office, and a broader description of the issues and concerns we have addressed and continue to address as we draft a 2009 Authorization bill, and that this information will be provided to you. They will be available to provide any further detailed information you feel is needed.

Again, I want to thank you for your commitment to this enormous task, and look forward to seeing the result of your efforts and joining with the Administration and my colleagues in the Congress to derive the best possible path forward to sustain an essential national asset and preserve our country's leadership in space.

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I appreciate this opportunity to visit with you by means of this video since the Senate is in session the day
that you're having the hearing in Brevard County.

And thank you for moving around the country and thank you for going to the Kennedy Space Center. It's
very important to our people because as I said in the first time that I visited with you in your first meeting in
Washington, what you come out and recommend-and this commission is going to be especially important
because I think it's going to give the weight your report, the weight for the president to make the decision
because you all have the credentials.

And so, I'd like to iterate a couple of things, first of all, we just had the 40th anniversary celebrations of
Apollo 11. And on that occasion, I with others, I was able to pass the Congressional Gold Medal for not only
the Apollo 11 astronauts, but also John Glenn-hearkening back to the recognition that their
accomplishments as part of the NASA team were extraordinary and symbolic for the pressing forward of this
nation, technologically.

Although it was a different time and we were in the great Space Race with our mortal enemy, the Soviet
Union-nevertheless-that technological achievement and having the resources and the will put together to
accomplish that, starting with Alan Shepard, Gus Grissom and then John Glenn's orbit-three orbits-and
then on to the Apollo program.

It produced a generation of math and science, a generation of engineers, of kids being so excited about the
space program that they wanted to go into those fields. And that gave us the competitive edge for
generations to come in a global economy. And of course it produced extraordinary spinoffs that have
improved our daily lives here on planet earth.

Now why do I say all of this? I say it because it's important to keep that magic going. It's important for you to
come out with the recommendations that does not starve NASA to death like it's been in the last decade.
That does not give the emphasis to NASA that brings us to the situation-a deplorable situation as we are
now-where when we complete the space station that the shuttle is going to be shut down and it's going to
be a four- or five- or six-year gap before we have another human-rated vehicle that can take our own
astronauts to our own space station that we have spent $100 billion for and been the major reason that it
has been constructed with our international parties.

Don't make that mistake again. And I think you have within your hands the credentials to start turning this
around. Because I think if you give a strong report, it is going to cause the Obama administration to think
long and hard before they would have lean out years as they have proposed in this last budget.
On the other hand, if you propose budgets that will accomplish a great space program, it's going to enable
people like me to be able to have a prayer session with the new administration to point out to them the
advantages of the space program.

Now first of all, you clearly ought get rid of the notion, that I don't think anyone's taking seriously, that we're
going to get rid of the space station in 2015. If we have built this space station with our international partners
and spent upwards of $100 billion on it and are just getting some of the main scientific instruments to it, as
we will with A&S, why in the world would we budget for shutting it down in 2015?

Second, you need to definitely consider the fact that there will be potentially massive layoffs because of this
ill-considered set of budgets that have occurred over the last decade that will leave us to where we will not
have a human-rated vehicle that is in time for the space shuttle to be shut down, and therefore we have to
rely on the Russians to get us to our own space station, barring some commercial venture, such as Space X
being able to produce its vehicle for cargo, and hopefully at a later date also for human rating.

So you've got to address that fact of layoffs that take away the corporate memory, the extraordinary wealth
of information and experience in the launch teams and the design teams and so forth. And then as you look
to the future, understand that we should not only fulfill President Obama's goal of being on the moon by
2020, but what is the real goal? The real goal is to send a human mission to Mars and to explore that planet
and to continue to press the boundaries of the frontier so that we understand this universe in which we are a
part.

Now it's my understanding that you are going to come out with two options within the president's budget and
two options outside of the budget. I understand and I commend the chairman, Norm Augustine, for having
said that you're not going to be constrained to stay within the president's budget. I thank you for that. And
the initial instructions that you received that you had to stay within the budget, I think were extremely illconsidered.
And I don't think reflect the president's thinking.

I think this president understands, almost in the mindset of President Kennedy, what this nation's space
program can do for us as a people and for us as a people of humans on planet earth. And so I implore you
to let your creativity come up with a recommendation of what you think is best for our American space
program joining our international parties.

And finally I would say, as you know, I have the commitment from the administration that if we cannot get
this next set of space shuttle flights off in time by the end of fiscal year 2010 or by the end of calendar year
2010, that they in fact commit to flying out all of these space shuttle flights to complete the station and to
equip it.

There have been various figures about what it would cost. I put in the budget that we passed for 2011, an
additional $2.5 million. Some think that you can continue to fly the shuttle each year for an additional $1.7
billion. Whatever it is, I wish you would consider extending the shuttle to a point in time that would lessen the
gap so that we can have Americans riding American vehicles to get to our station, and then on to the moon,
and then on to Mars.

Thank you for letting me share these thoughts with you and for your public service.

Senator Bill Nelson

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Rep. Olson addresses Augustine NASA panel
06/17/09

Mr. Augustine, members of the Review Panel, thank you for the opportunity to speak to you today. I was pleased when the Administration announced the members of this panel. You all bring different expertise to this task and I look forward to working with you during your review, as well as afterwards in response to your recommendations. As I'm sure you are aware, your work is being closely watched within the space community, in the media, and particularly on Capitol Hill.

NASA and human spaceflight have bipartisan support on the Hill, but unfortunately too many of my colleagues are unfamiliar with the challenges facing our human spaceflight program. Members and staff are going to give tremendous weight to your findings with respect to the future direction NASA should be taking. I know you take this responsibility seriously, and I know you understand the influence your review will wield.

I understand you are headed to the Johnson Space Center in late July and I look forward to welcoming you. The Johnson Space Center is the lead center for the Constellation program. The Constellation system, including the heavy lift Ares 5 launch vehicle, holds the promise of returning America to exploration beyond low Earth orbit. The Congress has endorsed that plan since 2005, and NASA has had a remarkably stable direction for the last several years. Our problem is not lack of vision, it's a lack of commitment.

I am proud to represent Texans, but my concerns are not limited to Texas. The United States is the global leader in aerospace. Aerospace is one of our most successful export markets and the driver of much of our new technology. For the past six months that I have been in Congress we have decried the loss of prestigious industries that were once dominated by American companies. I believe it is good policy to foster the creation of good paying jobs and we have worked to establish educational initiatives to promote a technical and highly skilled workforce.

Human spaceflight provides all of these things. You all know this, and I hope that these points will be reiterated in your findings. Most of us who follow the space program closely know the impending problems. But there are other Members on Capitol Hill who will soon be asking why we won't have our own independent access to the space station that is primarily funded by the American taxpayer. The American public will ask why we are paying the Russians to fly our astronauts. Others will ask why we didn't accelerate development of Constellation to narrow the gap following retirement of the shuttle. And as we all know , the gap will be very damaging to our aerospace workforce.

The job losses are real, and they are jobs we won't easily get back, and as this economy struggles to rebound, this kind of job loss will not be ignored. It shouldn't happen under any circumstance, but I'm just reiterating the context of the work you are undertaking.

NASA and human spaceflight is at a crossroads, no entity will have a bigger say that you will. I wish this panel the best and pledge the full support on behalf of Ranking Member Hall, myself, and my colleagues.

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Statement of Congressman Kendrick B. Meek (FL-17)
The Review of U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee
July 30, 2009

Cocoa Beach, Florida

Mr. Chairman, members of the Board, thank you for this opportunity to address you and the larger NASA community. I'd like to speak today as a Floridian who is both an admirer and is in awe of the accomplishments of the human space flight program. My remarks are brief but they focus on NASA's illustrious past and how I believe we must do everything in our power to make sure that its future is every bit as distinguished. Your committee's understanding of the intricacies of space flight far outstrip my own, but as a Member of Congress, I know that NASA's future is vitally important to Florida's economy, its families and its future. Our state has invested billions of dollars to make the Space Coast the premier space exploration and space technology site in the world and I welcome the opportunity to share some thoughts on the future challenges.

This is a very definitive period in NASA's history. We have a President who has called for a new vision to guide NASA into the future, and we have two very important committees working to determine that future. Unfortunately, we also have a global recession that hamstrings even the most mundane pursuits and we have a space flight program that is facing many technical difficulties.

People of a certain age can remember when a President told us that we could reach the moon. Slightly younger people can remember how, 40 years ago, that promise was fulfilled through the dedication and innovation of the NASA space program. Their accomplishment galvanized the world and solidified NASA, and the United States, as the undisputed leader in space exploration and technology.

I want for my children and their children to experience that same sense of accomplishment and reap the benefits of the scientific and technological discoveries that only an agency like NASA can provide. I want for NASA to remain the world's premier space program and to do that we need to ensure that we not only make the necessary monetary, material and technological investments, but that we also invest in the people who will take us back to the moon and beyond.

We need to invest in the engineers who will create the next generation of space shuttles and rockets and the scientists who will help us to learn all that there is to learn from the International Space Station (ISS).

I am a strong supporter of allowing the space shuttle to complete their assigned missions based not on a timeline but based on their ability to accomplish their given tasks. I also strongly support speeding up the testing and fielding of our next space vehicle. Understandably, there are many different proposals and prognostications about when we will return to the moon, and how we will get there. However, as a Floridian, it is vitally important to me that we take the steps necessary to minimize the gap between the off-ramping of the Shuttle Program and the start of the Constellation Program. A strong report from this Committee which lays out all of the pros and cons of various options at various levels of funding will be critical for the program's future and I implore your committee to look at any and all ways to mitigate the gap. Businesses across our great state and even across the country depend on workers with this unique base of knowledge; thousands of workers jobs' are at stake.

Without proactive measures, we will lose jobs in the industry and perhaps more importantly, a prolonged gap increases the risk that those workers will find employment elsewhere, that the training pipeline that readied the current crop of employees will dry up and that it will cost the state a staggering amount to restart those education and training systems from scratch. As you well know, any such gap will disproportionately affect the Space Coast as so many of its engineers and scientists are involved in operations there.

NASA has provided us with so many of the technological innovations that we've begun to take for granted, everything from home insulation to the artificial heart, have found their roots in the NASA program. So I urge the commission, as they continue their important look at the human space flight program's short term and long term prospects, to keep in mind that the program is much more than the sum of its parts. As amazing as NASA's tangible accomplishments are, its greatest strength is the intangible: the hope of discovery and innovation that it brings to future generations.

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STATEMENT OF THE HONORABLE RALPH HALL (R-TX)
Ranking Member, U.S. House Committee on Science and Technology
U.S. Human Space Flight Plans Committee
Wednesday, June 17, 2009
Carnegie Institution for Science

I want to thank the members of this Committee for the important work you are doing on behalf of our Nation. I also want to thank you for the opportunity to share my views on the human spaceflight-related policies of the NASA Authorization Acts of 2005 and 2008 (P.L. 109-155 and P.L. 110-422 respectively). The views expressed here are primarily mine but I know they are shared by a number of my colleagues.

America must be the Preeminent Space-faring Nation

I think it is important to note that the first Authorization Act of 2005 (P.L. 109-155) was the product of a Republican-led Congress and the second Authorization Act in 2008 (P.L. 110-422) was the product of a Democratically-led Congress. Yet, in both cases the intent was the same, to enable NASA to succeed on its current path toward completion of the International Space Station, utilize the Station to carry out world-class research, retire the Space Shuttle after completing its remaining flights without the constraint of a predetermined date, and develop a new launch system capable of taking humans beyond low-Earth orbit - a feat the shuttle cannot do - for the first time since the 1970s. In both of our Authorizations we allocated more money than the Administration requested because in our opinion NASA was being asked to do too much with too little. I am concerned that we cannot continue to be the preeminent space-faring nation without adequate Administration support and appropriate funding.

One of the most important issues facing NASA, and indeed our nation, is the impending retirement of the Space Shuttle, and the subsequent five year gap in independent U.S. access to the $100 billion International Space Station. With the NASA Authorization Act of 2005, Congress endorsed the development of the new spacecraft and launch vehicles (and I stress launch vehicles plural) with the goal of launching the new system "as close to 2010 as possible."

In the NASA Authorization Act of 2008 Congress established the new system as a priority by stating, "Developing United States human spaceflight capabilities to allow independent American access to the International Space Station, and to explore beyond low-Earth orbit, is a strategically important national imperative (emphasis added), and all prudent steps should thus be taken to bring the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle and Ares 1 Crew Launch Vehicle to full operational capability as soon as possible, and to ensure the effective development of a U.S. heavy-lift launch capability for missions beyond low Earth orbit." As a result, the Act sought to accelerate the development of the new system by authorizing an additional $1 billion in FY09.

Looking longer term we are very concerned that the current budget request has eliminated funding for the Ares 5 heavy-lift launcher, and the Altair Lunar Lander, without which America is unable to explore beyond low-Earth orbit.

The NASA Authorization Act of 2008 also recognized the Space Shuttle's critical role in completing and utilizing the International Space Station, and added one additional mission, if it could be done safely, to deliver the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS). As Authorizers, we are concerned that NASA may be unable to complete the remaining Shuttle missions, including the AMS flight, before the end of 2010. Unless the Administration and the Congress provide funds commensurate with extension, the Agency could be forced to take resources away from the development of Orion and Ares, adding delays that could further jeopardize the 2015 availability, and contribute to further losses of our highly-skilled aerospace workforce.
I, along with many of my colleagues, am not in favor of excessive government spending. But in this time of economic turmoil and growing international technological competitiveness, many of us are in agreement that America's space program is well-established on a path that, if sustained, will ensure our role as the world leader in space exploration and exploitation for decades to come. By pursuing human spaceflight we challenge our industry and inspire America to dream big and succeed. That is what leadership is all about.

Other countries recognize the strategic importance of the soft power we gained in the world through our audacious leadership in human space flight. The political and technological stature America has earned through our space program is now sought by other nations eager to demonstrate their hard-won capabilities to the world. The International Space Station in orbit today is a remarkable achievement, bringing together the scientific and engineering talents, and resources of many nations. That achievement would not have been possible without American leadership. But such leadership is built on trust that we will keep our commitments to our international partners. If we continue to under-fund our space program we risk losing the international trust and credibility that is vital for long term success.

Today, nearly 70 percent of the world's population was not alive to see Neil Armstrong walk on the Moon. Their opinions will be shaped by what happens in the future, not what happened in the past. We should not be in a race with China or any other country. We are the preeminent leader in space. But leadership is temporary. We should ensure that we take the necessary actions to remain the leader in human space flight.

I want to thank the committee once again for this opportunity to share our minority views.

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U.S. REP. GABRIELLE GIFFORDS' STATEMENT ON THREATS TO NASA'S BUDGET
August 17, 2009

TUCSON - U.S. Rep. Gabrielle Giffords, chairwoman of the Space and Aeronautics
Subcommittee, today released the following statement on funding challenges facing the
National Aeronautics and Space Administration. According to a group led by Norm
Augustine, the former CEO of Lockheed Martin, budget constraints make it virtually
impossible to sustain manned missions to the Moon, Mars or further into space in coming
decades.

The Augustine panel is telling us something we already knew - that NASA's exploration
program has been starved for funding and the good work being done by NASA's civil
servants and contractors risks being undone by shortsighted bean-counting.

Congress has spoken with near unanimity over the past four years in support of a robust
initiative to explore our solar system, including utilization of the International Space Station
and a return to the Moon on our way to other destinations. To achieve this goal, however, we
need a sustained national commitment, including adequate funding.

The Obama Administration and Congress have a singular opportunity to ensure that America
remains a preeminent space-faring nation over the coming decades. The rest of the world is
watching, and my hope is that we step up to the challenge.

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Senator Suzanne Kosmas Letter to Augustine Commission
July 30, 2009

Mr. Augustine and members of the Committee:

Thank you for allowing me to share my thoughts and concerns with you today on behalf of my constituents in the 24th District. And thank you for assuming your daunting challenge. We understand the difficult task this panel faces and how high the stakes are for all who are involved in our space program.

A robust human spaceflight program is essential to our nation's future - it drives technology and innovation, fulfills our innate human impulse to explore, and inspires future generations of engineers and scientists. A strong space program is crucial to our national security and our economy, and it is in the best interest of the nation.

The issues you are working to address, including the retirement of the shuttle program, the development of the next generation spacecraft, and the continued use of the International Space Station, will have economic impacts on communities across the country.

This is especially true for Central Florida. Local studies show the total direct and indirect impact of the looming spaceflight gap could approach 20,000 jobs lost.

The professional Space Coast workforce possesses unparalleled skills and dedication. These workers help to ensure our nation remains at the forefront of exploration and discovery. They support a program that is vital to our national security and they contribute enormously to our
national and local economies.

This workforce, if lost, will not be easily reassembled for future projects. A five year - or longer - human spaceflight gap is simply unacceptable.

Minimizing the human spaceflight gap, ensuring the full utilization of the International Space Station (ISS) beyond 2015, and bringing future work related to research, development, and testing to Kennedy Space Center will help to minimize the loss of our unique workforce, ensure our continued commitment to America's leadership in space, and transform how NASA does business.

I understand that you are considering presenting options to the President related to the extension of the space shuttle program. As launch delays mount, it is becoming increasingly likely that we will need to fly the Shuttle past 2010, which is why Senator Nelson and I fought to include Shuttle funding for 2011 in the Congressional budget. I am pleased that the Administration has made a commitment to flying the scheduled missions without a deadline, and I will keep working to ensure that NASA has the funding necessary to maintain jobs and complete the manifest.

Dr. Sally Ride's working group has also persuasively outlined the merits of adding additional shuttle flights. Preserving the highly skilled workforce at Kennedy Space Center and throughout Central Florida is one of my highest priorities, and I would support additional flights as long as we can launch them safely and provide funding levels that do not increase the gap by delaying the next generation of human spaceflight.

The International Space Station is a national asset that has bipartisan congressional support. The value of a National Laboratory in space should not be underestimated; there is enormous potential for discoveries that will enable us to explore our universe and improve life here on Earth. We have already invested a great deal in the ISS. Extending its use beyond 2015 will ensure that we maximize our investment while helping to retain the specialized Florida workforce through payload preparation at the Space Life Sciences Lab and additional launches from KSC.

Under the current plan, much of the effort to support the ISS between the retirement of the shuttle and operation of the next generation spacecraft will be undertaken by the emerging commercial sector. I believe this sector should be fostered in order to maintain access to the ISS, utilize the workforce, and ensure a healthy industrial base that can support future defense and civil programs.

Furthermore, the potential for complete reliance on the Russians for crew transport, for a price that could amount to billions, will mean American taxpayers' dollars will be shipped abroad instead of invested at home. This is unacceptable, especially at a time when we are threatened with losing jobs here at home.

I urge you to include in your presentation to the President options that will support the rapid development of domestic commercial capabilities.

One common responsibility for each of the Working Groups of this Committee is that each is focusing on ‘industrial skill base'. Nowhere is that issue more critical than here in Florida. To that end, I urge you to consider offering an option that would establish a program office at KSC to manage the supply chain and logistics for the next generation spacecraft. As the final destination of the vast majority of the components and systems purchased by the Federal Government before departure into space, KSC could lead the way to a more sophisticated procurement mentality - which would reduce operating costs - and a healthier industrial base for NASA, the Department of Defense, and commercial launch activities.

I would also like to urge you to include options for new types of work to be located at Kennedy. Kennedy's operations expertise should be applied to the development and testing of the next generation spacecraft and associated hardware. The folks that process, maintain, and launch our vehicles know better than anyone else what elements are necessary to ensure a safe, efficient, and reliable program. Embedding the ‘operations mindset' into development processes will not only utilize an experienced workforce and existing infrastructure, but will also result in increased affordability and sustainability.

Finally, with regards to funding, I believe that the investment in NASA is one of the best we as a nation can make in our future. The benefits of human spaceflight are numerous and farreaching. I urge you to provide an honest and adequate budget assessment with every option you
present to the President. We cannot complete our important missions if we continue shuffling funding from one program to another and pitting NASA projects against each other. Since entering office, I have fought at every turn to increase funding for NASA, and I will continue working with my colleagues from both parties to secure the funds necessary to maintain our leadership in space and preserve jobs.

How we choose to address the challenges NASA currently faces will have a lasting impact on our standing as the world leader in space, science, and technology. We need innovative and effective solutions to these challenges to ensure a strong human spaceflight program, to support America's strategic interests, and to protect jobs and revitalize our economy. Thank you again for your dedication to our nation's space program and for affording me the opportunity to share the views of those on the Space Coast. Our community is relying on your expertise to help determine the best path for the future of human spaceflight.

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Congressman Posey's Statement to the Augustine

Commission in Cocoa Beach, FL
Washington, Jul 30 -
The following is Congressman Bill Posey's (R-Rockledge) statement which was delivered before the Augustine Commission on U.S. Human Space Flight:

"Mr. Augustine and members of the Committee:

"Welcome to America's Space Coast. The history of America's ventures in space exploration is intertwined with this region in east-central Florida, and you will not find a more dedicated, accomplished and hardworking workforce anywhere in the world than those you meet here who work to ensure the Space Shuttle safely completes its scheduled manifests.

"Your task is paramount. You have the ability to shape the future of America's human space flight program for generations to come. Your charter gives you a rare opportunity ‘to identify and characterize the range of options that spans the reasonable possibilities for continuation of U.S. human space flight activities beyond retirement of the Shuttle.' With limited time and resources at your disposal, and to be of practical use for policymakers, your report cannot help but convey that some courses of action will be far more promising than others for the United States to maintain its leadership in space.

"By virtue of your expertise, you, the members of this committee, will appreciate the thousands of benefits and spinoffs derived from America's efforts in space exploration. However, the overwhelming abundance of NASA spinoffs-cell phones, laptops, GPS- to name a few, have meant that many Americans take for granted or fail to realize altogether how space exploration directly touches their lives and benefits them. Your review, upon which major decisions are expected to be based, has the potential to determine whether cutting-edge technology of the future will be pioneered by the United States or by a foreign power. As we know, the international competition is real and it is fierce. Importantly, we all realize the vital implications at stake in regards to our national security: whoever dominates space will control what security we have here on earth.

"Our international competitors are already nipping at our heels. Russia, China, India, and others are challenging our position as the world leader in space. Who would have thought that what the Wright brothers began more than 100 years ago would have led the United States to world preeminence in aerospace, and that it would be our nation's leading export. We should not and cannot afford to surrender this leadership to others. We must press the envelope and lead the world. Not for the sake of national pride but because it is an integral part of our future and will inspire future generations of Americans.

"Remember that what the Wright brothers accomplished was more than just set our nation to flight. They inspired a generation and that generation gave vision to the next. President Kennedy, like the Wright brothers, inspired a generation with his vision of 'landing a man on the moon and returning him safely to earth.' As young man, I was inspired by that vision and joined thousands of other Americans to work on the Apollo program to see the vision fulfilled. We did it. Forty years ago, almost to the day, we succeeded.

"But in the wake of that victory, tens of thousands of us received our pink slips. As we approach the ‘space gap' and our dependence on the Russians for access to the space station, we must be careful not to repeat the mistakes of the past. Our talented workforce cannot simply be laid off and then rehired a few years later. I speak from personal experience. I watched the exodus from this very community as our nation's space team
had no option but to move away.

"Regardless of the path decided, the transition is unlikely to be seamless in regards to the thousands of men and women on the Space Coast who have the skill set essential to assuring American access to space. To that end, I believe it is critical that your report highlight options to minimize, as much as possible, the gap with the Shuttle's successor program, presumably Constellation, in the interest of maintaining our skilled human space flight workforce.

"While directed by the charter to undertake your study 'within the current budget profile for NASA exploration activities' I encourage you to note that this consideration falls after the greater priorities of ‘(1) expediting a new U.S. capability to support utilization of the International Space Station; (2) supporting missions to the Moon and other destinations beyond low Earth orbit; [and] (3) stimulating commercial space flight capabilities.'

"As a legislator, I remind you that budgets are subject to change, often arbitrary, but good public policy calls for their alignment with the public's priorities. Space exploration is the one thing for which the United States is undeniably, unequivocally, and universally respected around the world. If we as a nation are serious about maintaining our leadership in space and wish to continue as a beneficiary of space exploration, then policy decisions will depend on your judgment to accentuate the possibilities that best fit our nation overall, notwithstanding hypothetical budgets of the future. Budgets are a reality, but proper leadership can and should match the budget to a worthy mission-not the mission to the budget. I, and many of my colleagues in Congress, look forward to reviewing your report and to see within the range of options some that call for additional funding if current budgetary trends are insufficient to accomplish our space objectives as a nation.

"This commission should fully explore options beyond the limiting restraints of an arbitrary budget number that has been placed upon NASA. Our nation's NASA budget is $18.8 billion out of a total $3.6 trillion dollar budget. This amounts to less than one-half of one percent of the entire federal budget.

"Consider in totality all the benefits that our nation's space program will bring to the next generation of Americans. What is the vision of today's youth? I would say to you, the members of this commission, you will play a large role in writing the answer to that question.

"Consider what vision you will lay out for the next generation of Americans. Let's look forward and do what is right. The leaders of tomorrow are looking to be inspired-don't disappoint them."

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NASA FY10 Budget Summary

The FY10 budget request for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is $18.6 billion, an increase of $904 million, or 5.1 percent, over the FY09 enacted level of $17.7 billion.

In addition to $17.7 billion in FY09, NASA received $1 billion through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA), to be spent out over FY09 and FY10. Within that funding, NASA has allocated $400 million to the Science Mission Directorate in order to support Earth Science missions and climate change research; $150 million to the Aeronautics Mission Directorate; $400 million to the Exploration Mission Directorate; and $50 million to Cross- Agency Support.

Science Mission Directorate (SMD):

The FY10 budget request includes $4.4 billion for NASA's science portfolio, which consists of Earth Science, Planetary Science, Astrophysics, and Heliophysics. The request is $26 million or 0.6 percent, below the FY09 enacted level of $4.5 billion.

In the context of this slight reduction from FY09, the Administration is highlighting the $400 million that NASA Science has received under the ARRA.

• Earth Science: NASA has requested $1.4 billion for Earth Science, an increase of $26 million, or 1.9 percent over the FY09 enacted level of $1.3 billion. The agency recommends beginning implementation of recommendations made in the Earth Science Decadal Survey, including the formulation of SMAP and ICE-Sat II. NASA proposes to accelerate the launch dates for SMAP and ICE-Sat II to 2013 and 2014, respectively. The agency also expects to issue its first Venture-class Announcement of Opportunity in late 2009.
• Planetary Science: NASA has requested $1.346 billion for Planetary Science, an increase of $20 million, or 1.6 percent, over the FY09 enacted level of $1.325 billion. The budget recommends continued support of a number of Mars-related missions and activities, including the Mars Science Laboratory, MAVEN, and development of the next Mars Scout mission. The budget request also mentions that NASA will be releasing an Announcement of Opportunity for the next New Frontiers and Discovery missions later this year.
• Astrophysics: NASA has requested $1.1 billion for Astrophysics, a decrease of $85 million, or 7.1 percent, below the FY09 enacted amount of $1.2 billion. Despite this significant reduction, NASA has outlined in its budget request a fairly ambitious agenda for the Astrophysics division from FY10-FY13. This includes launch of the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer in November 2009, as well as continued development of the James Webb Telescope, the NuSTAR mission, and SOFIA. The National Research Council plans to issue its decadal survey on Astrophysics in 2010.
• Heliophysics: The Administration has requested $605 million for Heliophysics in FY10, an increase of $13 million, or 2.3 percent, above the FY09 enacted level of $591 million. NASA recommends continued early formulation work on the Solar Probe-plus mission and recommends the selection of two Small Explorer-class missions.

Aeronautics Mission Directorate (AMD):

The FY10 budget request includes $507 million for the Aeronautics portfolio. This is $7 million, or 1.4 percent, above the FY09 enacted funding level of $500 million. Aeronautics also has received $150 million in ARRA funds, to be spent out over two years.

Exploration Mission Directorate (EMD):

The FY10 request includes $3.9 billion for NASA's Exploration portfolio. This represents an increase of $458 million, or 13.1 percent, over the FY09 enacted funding level of $3.5 billion. ARRA provided $400 million for NASA Exploration missions.

Education:

The FY10 request includes $126 million for NASA education initiatives. This is $43 million, or 25 percent, below the FY09 enacted funding level of $169 million. Despite this significant reduction, the space agency has outlined a list of goals for improving science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education at all levels of education. This includes a proposed new program, Innovation in STEM Education, through which the agency will offer new opportunities for student and faculty participation in NASA-related research.

Cross-Agency Support:

The FY10 budget request includes $3.4 billion for Cross-Agency Support Programs, an increase of $94 million, or 2.9 percent, above the FY09 level of $3.3 billion. These programs have received $50 million in ARRA funds.

Space Operations:

The FY10 request includes $6.1 billion for NASA's Space Operations program, an increase of $411 million, or 7.1 percent, over the FY09 enacted level of $5.7 billion.

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David Mould
Headquarters, Washington Oct. 16, 2008
202-358-1898
david.r.mould@nasa.gov
RELEASE: 08-261

ADMINISTRATOR'S STATEMENT ON SIGNING OF THE NASA AUTHORIZATION ACT

WASHINGTON -- The following is a statement by NASA Administrator Michael Griffin after the signing by the president of the NASA Authorization Act of 2008:

"I'm grateful to the president for his signature on the NASA Authorization Act of 2008. The major provisions of this authorization bill affirm Congress' support for the broad goals of the president's space exploration policy, including the return of American astronauts to the moon, exploration of Mars and other destinations."

For more information about NASA and agency programs, visit: http://www.nasa.gov

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AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION HOUSE OF DELEGATES
Resolution: 502
(A-07)
Introduced by: Medical Student Section
Subject: AMA Support for Manned Space Exploration of the Moon and Mars that will Promote Medical Advances and Enhance Patient Care
Referred to: Reference Committee E
(Paul C. Matson, MD, Chair)

Whereas, The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) human space exploration programs since their inception have led to an extraordinary number of new technological and scientific advances, including those that are directly applicable to medicine and have lead to advances in patient care; and

Whereas, Invaluable medical technologies such as advanced endoscopy, Laser Assisted in Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK), dialysis machines, remote medical monitoring, digital cochlear implants, artificial hearts, laser angioplasty, Light Emitting Diodes for oncological and surgical applications, energy sources for defibrillators, multiple advances in imaging technologies (including CT scanning, angiography, surgery monitoring, nuclear magnetic resonance, and stereotactic breast biopsy technology), and several others, have come from spin-off technology developed by NASA over the years; and

Whereas, Advances directly related to NASA research have contributed to the study of virtually all aspects of human physiology and in the respective fields of aerospace medicine, emergency medicine, immunology, internal medicine, molecular biology, neurology, nutrition, oncology, pharmacology, prosthetics, psychiatry, psychology, public health, radiology, rehabilitation, surgery, telemedicine, toxicology, transplantation, and sleep studies; and

Whereas, Our AMA strongly supports the use of public financing for medical research and has endorsed specific programs and policies that encourage further development of medical technology (AMA Policies D-460.981, H-460.926 and H-460.983); and

Whereas, Our AMA has supported the continuation of medical research performed on manned space flights and the international space station (AMA Policy H-45.994) but has not adopted any policy statements regarding the benefits derived from the operational work required by the actual development and implementation of missions; and

Whereas, Our AMA has yet to publicly comment on NASA's "The Vision for Space Exploration," which outlines the new overarching organizational direction (ethos) for NASA, implemented in January of 2004, and calls for a sustained human presence on the moon, increasing knowledge of the impacts of long duration stays in space on the human body, and developing technologies for humans exploring Mars and other celestial bodies; and
Whereas, The research and development for these types of endeavors will undoubtedly yield both projected and unanticipated biomedical breakthroughs, which could be useful in the treatment of diseases and conditions that currently have inadequate therapies; therefore be it

RESOLVED, That our American Medical Association reaffirm Policy H-45.994 which supports the continuation of medical research on manned space flight and the international space station (Reaffirm HOD Policy); and be it further

RESOLVED, That our AMA publicly support the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's new commitment for manned space exploration of the moon, Mars, and other celestial bodies for the benefits to medicine and advances in patient care. (Directive to Take Action)

Fiscal Note: Staff cost estimated at less than $500 to implement.

Received: 03/14/07

RELEVANT AMA POLICY

H-45.994 Continuation of Medical Research on Manned Space Flights
The AMA supports the continuation of the NASA and other programs for conducting medical research and other research with potential health care benefits on manned space flights, including the continued development and subsequent operation of the international space station. (Sub. Res. 118, A-86; Modified by Sub. Res. 217, A-94; Reaffirmed: CSA Rep. 6, A-04)

H-460.926 Funding of Biomedical, Translational, and Clinical Research
Our AMA: (1) reaffirms its long-standing support for ample federal funding of medical research, including basic biomedical research, translational research, clinical research and clinical trials, health services research, outcomes research, and prevention research; (2) encourages the National Institutes of Health, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and other appropriate bodies to develop a mechanism for the continued funding of translational research; and (3) continues to support efforts by Research!America and others to double the current federal medical research budget by the year 2002. (Sub. Res. 507, I-97; Reaffirmed: CSA Rep. 13, I-99; Modified: Res. 503, and Reaffirmation A-00)

D-460.981 Support for Federally-Funded Medical Research
Our AMA will call for an increase in 2005 appropriations for NIH and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality sufficient to allow the US to take advantage of the recently completed campaign to double the nation's investment in biomedical research. (Sub. Res. 521, A-04)

H-460.983 Availability of Funding for Research
(1) Federal funding of basic and applied medical research should be increased at an annual rate of 10 percent (after inflation) for the remainder of the 1980s, and funding in the 1990s should be at a level sufficient to ensure appropriate growth in the nation's biomedical research enterprise. The major recipients of these increases should be the National Institutes of Health, the Veterans Administration, the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration, the Food and Drug Administration, and the Centers for Disease Control.(2) The National Institutes of Health, the Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration, and other granting agencies should fund 40 percent of the approved grant applications each year for the remainder of the 1980s. (3) Appropriate measures to reform patent, tax and licensing laws, as well as measures to enhance the efficiency of regulatory processes, should be adopted by the federal government to encourage private industry involvement in basic and applied biomedical research. (BOT Rep. NN, A-87; Reaffirmed: BOT Rep. 40, I-93; Reaffirmation A-00)

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June 30, 2008
Ares Launch Status Update presentation

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